Health development aims to enhance community health status. To achieve a high degree of health, the health of women as beneficiaries, family members and health providers should play a role in the family, so that children grow to adulthood as a healthy young generation. Therefore women should be given attention because:
1. Women face particular health problems faced by men who are not related to reproductive function
2. Women's health directly affects the health of children conceived and born.
3. Women's health is often forgotten and he was just as objects with the name of "development" such as family planning programs and population control.
4. Women's reproductive health issues already on the agenda of which Indonesia agreed on the International Conference outcomes regarding reproductive health and population (Beijing and Cairo).
5. Based on the above thinking woman's health is the most important aspects due to its influence on children's health. Therefore the women were given freedom in deciding what is best according to his needs by himself where he alone who decided on his own body.
Definition of Women's Reproductive Health.
Based on the world to the IV Conference on Women in Beijing in 1995 and Conference Population and Development in Cairo in 1994 has been agreed concerning the reproductive rights. In this case (Cholil, 1996) concluded that four main points contained in the female reproductive namely:
Reproductive and sexual health (reproductive and sexual health)
Determination of the decision of reproduction (reproductive decision making)
Equality of men and women (equality and equity for men and women)
Security and sexual reproduction (sexual and reproductive security)
The definition of the meaning of reproductive health that has been accepted internationally that is: as a state of physical, mental, social guidance in all matters relating to the system, the functions and processes of reproduction. It also alluded to the rights of production that is based on the recognition of human rights for all couples or individuals to decide freely and responsibly on the number of children, child spacing, and determine their child's birth.
Indicators of Women's Reproductive Health Problems.
In terms of reproductive health in more depth, not merely as an understanding of clinical (medical) but also includes the notion of social (community). The bottom line goal of overall health that is very good quality of life. However, social and economic conditions, especially in developing countries the quality of life and poverty worsened, indirectly also worsen reproductive health of women.
Indicators of women's reproductive health problems in Indonesia include:
Gender, are the respective roles of men and women by sex according to different cultures. Gender as a social construction affects the level of health, and because of different gender roles in cross-cultural context means that the level of women's health also vary.
Poverty, among others, resulting in:
Insufficient food or poor food nutrition
Water supplies are lacking, poor sanitation and inadequate housing.
Do not get good service.
Low education.
Poverty affects a chance to get an education. Opportunity for schools is not the same for all but depends on the ability to pay. In a difficult situation usually fee boys are preferred because men are considered as the main breadwinner in the family. In this case not only an influential indicator of poverty but also gender also affect education. This educational level affect the level of health. People who are educated generally have a greater understanding of health issues and prevention. A minimum by having an adequate education a person can find holes, taking care of themselves, and participate in decision-making within the family and society.
Marry young
In developing countries, including Indonesia, a young married woman is still a lot going on (usually under age 18 years). It is assumed that many cultures that have not been married at a certain age are considered not sell. There is also because of poverty, parents quickly marry off their children to escape their responsibilities and handed the child the woman to her husband. This means that young women have a high risk pregnant at the time of delivery. In addition, the risk of death rate two times greater than women who married at the age of 20 years. Another impact, they dropped out of school, will ultimately depend on the husband both in economic and decision-making.
Malnutrition and poor health.
According to the WHO in developing countries which include Indonesia an estimated 450 million women are not perfect due to malnutrition in childhood, due to poverty. If any affluent, culturally determined that the husband and the boys get a portion of the lot and the best and last the mother eat the rest of the existing. Menstruating women since it would require more nutrients than men to replace the blood that comes out. Substance that is needed is iron that is 3 times larger than the needs of men. In addition, women also need more iodine than men, this deficiency will cause goiter who harm fetal development both physically and mentally. Women are also particularly vulnerable to several diseases, including sexually transmitted diseases, because their work or their bodies are different from men. One situation that is vulnerable, women's work is always associated with water, such as washing, cooking, and so on. As we all know water is a medium which is quite dangerous in the transmission of bacterial diseases.
Workload is heavy.
Women work far longer than in men, various studies have been conducted worldwide on average women work 3 hours longer. As a result, women have little time off, further occurrence of chronic fatigue, stress, and so on. Women's health is not only influenced by time.
Source : Kesehatan Reproduksi Wanita
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